Oil burner



April 27 1926. 1,582,691.

J. SQUIRES OIL BURNER Filed June 10, 1924 Patented Apr. 27, 1926.

" UNITED STATES.

1,582,091 PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN SQUIBES, DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO ECONOMIES RESEARCH COM-PANY, OF HAVANA, ILLINOIS, ,A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed June 10, 1924. Serial No. 719,046.

To all w hom it may concern:

Be it know-n that JOHN SQUIRES, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State ofMichigan, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in OilBurners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to the socalled domestic oil burners.

The object of my invention is in the provision of an oil burner ofthevertical shaft rotary cup type having a motor adjustably' relatedthereto, in a manner to control the speed. of rotation thereof.

Another object of my invention is in the provision of an oil burnerhaving means for relating the atomizing portion and the power connectionin an adjustable relation for controlling the speed of the atomizer. I

A further object of my invention is in the provision of an adjustablemeans for relating a fuel atomizing portion and a power connection forthe pur ose' of con trolling the speed of the atomlzer to moreefficiently burn the various grades of oil.

Further objects of my invention will appear in the followingspecification taken in connection with the annexed drawings in which: w

Figure 1 is a partial cross sectional view of my vertical shaft burner.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device with the atomizing cup removed.

Referring to the drawings in Figure 1, I have show-n an oil burner ofthe domestic type, said burner being generally referred to as the,vvertical shaft rotary cup type.

Generally, it may be said that this burner is adapted for houseinstallation and is placed.

1 within the combustion chamber of the conventional furnace. The entirestructure is located within the combustion chamber with the exception offuel pipes, gas pipes and electrical connections thereto. Located withinthe combustion chamber at a desirable height above the floor isthehearth 10, said hearth being lodated by any desirable means I toadjacent portions or rather convenient portions on the inside of thefurnace. This hearth is made of a substance not readily affected byintense heat and has a glazed surface impervious to the fuel used by theburner. No particular means for supporting the hearth within thecombustion chamber of 27 and the driving disc 23.

the furnace is shown inasmuch asthisstructure would var for thedifferent types of furnaces. Simi arly no combustion chamber is shownalthough the hearth therefor has been disclosed as 10. The burner itselfprojects, or rather the atomizing portion thereof, through an apertureof considerable size in the hearth 10 as clearly shown in Figure 1. Abase 11 rests upon the floor of the furnace and upon this base ismounted a casing 12 which houses the power plant of the burner. The base11 has a leveling means thereon. This housing 12, prevents theaccumulation of dirt, oil, etc., upon the electric motor 13 whichsupplies the power to the atomizing portion to be described. Theelectric motor 13 is supported by the plate 14 andvbracket 15 which areintegral, and are adjustably related to the base 11 as a unit by anadjustable screw member 16. The above adj ustable means permits alongitudinal movement of the motor and portions in connection therewith,when desired. The axis 17 of the motor 13 has a flexible connection 18with a stub shaft 19 and a fuel pump 20 is mounted on the outer end ofsaid stop shaft. Supporting means for the pump are shown at 21. The pump20 is adapted to supply fuel to the atomizing cup to be later described.The inner end of the motor axis has keyed thereto, a disc 23 adapted todrive the atomizing portion. The fuel. atomizing means includes asupporting portion 24: positioned in the upper part of the housing 11. Avertical shaft 25 has a bearing 26 in the supporting portion 24, saidvertical shaft engaging in a positive manner at its lower end, a driveplate 27 said plate being fashioned in a manner to 'contain a lubricanttherein. A small coil spring 28 provides a, tensioned engagement betweenthe drive or rather driven plate A second bearing 29 is shown upon thevertical shaft. Pinned to the upper end of the vertical shaft is arotary. atomizing cup which includes the upper plate 30 flared slightlyupward as at 31 at its outer edge. A second cup 32 is disposedthereunder and connected thereto by means of the bolt members 33. Aseries of wing portions 34 radiating from the vertical shaft 25 lievbetween the upper plate 30 and the cup 32. The cup 32 is flaredsimilarly to the plate 30 at its outer edges, how-' ever, its bottomportion has an aperture therein, said aperture being considerably largerthan the vertical shaft, the edges of which slightly upturned to form atrough 36. A fuel line rrozn the pump 22 discharging into the troughformed by the upturned edges is shown at 88. There is shown at 38 acontrol valve for the fuel supply.

fin ignition means for burner shown projecting through the hearth it),said ignition means including a housing 39. pro; hibiting any air blastfrom extinguishing the gas flame which projects from the jet 10 disposedtherein. An ordinary gas pipe connection is shown as 41 and av needlevalve mechanism 42 permits regulation of said pilot flame.

The operation o 1' my device is as follows:

I am aware that the prior art discloses vert-i'cal shaft burners rotatedby an electric motor and having a cup member expelling the fuel mixturein a fan shaped spray. My present burner operates rather similarly tosuch devices in so far as the supplying of the fuel to the rotating cupand the electric motor is concerned. The rotation of the cup breaks upthe fuel and discharges it in a completely atomized spray from betweenthe plate 30 and cup 3 Air is drawn through the aperture 85 in thebottom of the cup in a manner to assist atomization. The bracket 14 andadjustable screw 16 provide means for regulating the speed of thevertical shaft 25 and hence the speed of the atomizing cup.

Oil burners as a rule generally operate at a predetermined speed and theburner structure is assembled with relation to this speed.

It is well known that the fuels utilized by the present so calleddomestic burners, are very seldom the same, that is with respect to thespecific gravity and other manner of grading. Burners of the above typerotatin at a single speed, have but one means ror controlling the flame,as well as for compensating for-the variations in the gravities of fuelsutilized, and this means is a needle valve or other equivalent mechamsm.

The present device not only contemplates the control of the fuel to theatomizing chamberb'ut also the variation of speed of rotation of theatomizing cup itself. Means is disclosed for moving the drive discinwardly and outwardly with relation to the driven plate 2? whichcontrols the movement of the vertical shaft and hence the atomizing cup.It is obvious that movement of this driving disc varies the speed ofrotation of the atomizing cup, due to the frictional connection.

Applicant by means of his double control namely of fuel and speed ofrotation of the cup is adapted not only to burn a greater variety offuels but to more etiicientl y burn them.

What Iclaim is:

1. In a device of the class described, the con'lbination of a combustionchaml 1', means for spraying a fuel mixture 'tllClCllliO, in cluding arotary aton'iizing cup, an ignition member, power means, including anelectric motor for driving said aton'iizing cup, a fuel pump, connectedto said electric motor, for supplying said atomizing cup in proportionto the speed of the motor, and means for controlling fuel atomization,including an adjustable mechanism for varying the speed of the atomizingcup relative to the speed of the motor.

2. In a device of the class described, in combination, a combustionchamber, means for spraying a fuel mixture thereinto, ineluding a rotaryatomizing cup, an ignition member, power means including an electricmotor for driving said atomizing cup, a fuel pump connected to saidelectric motor for supplying said atomizing cup in proportion to thespeed of the motor, and means for varying the speed of the atomizing cuprelative to the speed of the motor for the purpose of controlling fuelatomizing, including a friction connection between the rotary atomizingcup and the electric motor, and means for varying said frictionconnection.

3. In a device of the class described, in combination, a combustionchamber, means for spraying a fuel mixture thereinto, including a rotaryatomizing cup, an ignition member, power means for driving saidatomizing cup, a fuel pump connected to said power means for supplyingsaid atomizing cup in proportion to the speed of the power means,adjustable means for controlling said fuel supply, and means forcontrolling fuel atomization, including an adjustable mechanism forvarying the speed of the atomizing cup relative to the speed of thepower means.

at. In a device of the class described, in combination, a combustionchamber, means for spraying a fuel mixture thereinto, including a rotaryatomizing cup, an ignition member, power means including an electricmotor, for driving said atomizing cap, a-

fuel pump driven by said electric motor for supplying the atomizing cup,in proportion to the speed of the motor, and means for controlling fuelatomization, including an adjustable mechanism for varying the speed ofthe atomizing cup relative to the speed of the motor.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JOHN SQUI RES.

